![]() Introduction I well remember when I took up flying eons ago, my instructor saying that meteorology was an inexact science, and in order to pass the exams by and large you had to put yourself in the mind-set of the examiner because the questions were so ambiguously asked that any one of 3 answers could be deemed correct. As luck had it I managed to pass, and so commenced a career in flying. In those days weather prediction was in many ways far more accurate than today as it was done by real people standing on the decks of weather ships, lighthouses, airports etc. Taking real weather readings and transmitting them to a central bureau rather than satellites making a guess from cloud cover and temperatures and faulty computer modelling. FS Global Real Weather have been working on version 1.8 and have released some sneak previews of what they called a totally “revamped interface”. As it stands, the FS2004 weather engine is an incredibly powerful program in its own right, but the internal interface resticts you to creating a single set of weather conditions centered on your location, unless you choose to rely on downloadable weather, over which, by definition, you have little influence. In my father's day, pilots were expected to accumulate all these various readings from along a proposed route and create their own weather map showing fronts, anticyclones etc. Which they then referred to say on a flight from London to Lagos, which back then could take a day or two! Nowadays, pilots arrive at an airport and are handed a sheaf of papers which give the synoptic situation, winds at various altitudes, temperatures, volcanic ash threats, Metars, and TAF's for your destination, alternates, enroute sigmets, turbulence areas, icing areas, all of which take some time and intelligence to digest properly. ![]() The world of the flight simmer on the other hand is a varied one but the beauty of our current simulator is that you can make your flying as realistic as you want, yes you can just fire up a Cessna, aim it wherever and take off, or, you can undergo exactly the same steps as professional pilots do, and the more you get into this side the more you require the simulator to reproduce the correct parameters so that an accurate flight can be undertaken which resembles the plan made before take-off. Up until recently the requirement for the simulator to accurately produce these parameters wasn't necessary however since the creation of aircraft by Level-D and more recently PMDG and a few others there has been growing band of simmers who are taking the simulator very seriously indeed especially those that fly for a virtual airline or an online service such as Vatsim. These simmers require the fuel burn on each sector to be absolutely correct, there is no use in arriving 50 miles from your destination and run out of fuel. So winds aloft and temperatures and many other parameters need to be correct and in the correct locations. With this in mind, a company called PILOT'S based in Vienna, created Flight Simulator Global Real Weather. Yes, I know we already have a host of other weather programs around but this is slightly different and in my opinion it belongs to the KIS mentality, as in, Keep It Simple! They have done all the hard work so that you don't have to. PILOT'S has been developing flight sim add-ons since 1995, their first efforts included a Hong Kong scenery followed by FS Global a scenery and land class add-on in 1998, after this they tried their hands at aircraft and produced the Boeing 314 clipper but are best known for their FS Global series of mesh add-ons. In the future PILOT'S intend to refine the FSGRW program further with regular updates and have several other irons in the fire which they are keeping close to their chests. The program is currently obtained by download and it is quite small, only 3.6mb in size and you can start it straight away as you are given a free trial period in the form of points, so basically 8 weather downloads and time is up, but you don't need to download weather every time you can re-use an old download and there is no time limit so you can really evaluate the program before getting committed. Another nice touch is this program runs entirely separately from FSX so doesn't have any great effect on frames and also makes no changes to the registry of the PC so if you want to get rid of it, you delete the folder--- simples! Upon starting the program it looks for any new updates, installs them, and then you are offered a menu page with 4 choices: Load (saved) weather file, Static weather download (where it downloads and installs the weather only once at the start), Dynamic weather download (where it downloads and installs the weather every 5 minutes), or download weather file (where you can download a weather file and save it to your hard drive for retrieval later). The weather download is quite quick as is the installation into FSX certainly much quicker than REX perhaps not as quick as OPUS,(Probably due to OPUS downloading weather around the AC, not globally) but they are currently working on that and hope to release an update in the very near future. FSGRW like OPUS uses the weather textures that are in your FSX library so if they have been updated by REX or something similar then that is what you will see. They have gone to great lengths to ensure that all the weather at altitude corresponds exactly to what is available to professional pilots, and that includes jet streams and clear air turbulence and icing amongst other things.
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![]() Salah satu genre game yang cukup banyak disukai oleh para gamer adalah racing game. Ya, genre game ini selalu menyuguhkan berbagai macam aksi dan tindakan yang cepat kepada kita sebagai pemain terhadap apa yang terjadi selama di dalam permainan. Bagi kamu yang menyukai, khususnya balapan mobil, kali ini Jaka akan memberikan kamu informasi seputar game-game balapan mobil terbaik yang ada di PC. Game-game balapan mobil di bawah ini juga sudah cukup terkenal dan mempunyai banyak penggemar. Nah, inilah 6 game balapan mobil terbaik di PC yang mungkin harus kamu mainkan. Game balap motor PC terbaru 2016 yang banyak dimainkan oleh pengguna komputer, Game Motor Racing yang seru dan menyenangkan untuk dimainkan. Posting pada PC Games. Game-game balapan mobil di bawah ini juga sudah cukup terkenal dan mempunyai banyak penggemar. Nah, inilah 6 game balapan mobil terbaik di PC yang mungkin harus kamu mainkan. Siapa sih yang nggak tahu game balapan yang satu ini. 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Ya, Dirt Rally akan membawa kamu ke pengalaman balapan dengan melewati berbagai medan yang ada. Pemain juga akan ditemani seorang asisten yang merupakan satu-satunya bantuan ketika sedang melakukan balapan. Untuk mobilnya sendiri, game ini tidak menawarkan mobil mewah, seperti Lamborghini atau Pagani, tapi pemain justru akan mendapatkan mobil monster yang tidak kalah keren, seperti Subaru Impreza WRX atau Lancer EVO. Untuk yang satu ini, sangat cocok bagi kamu yang memang menyukai balapan F1. Formula One memang menjadi salah satu game yang dirilis setiap tahunnya, namun pada F1 2017 ini, para pemain dijamin akan mendapatkan pengalaman mengemudi dan visual yang lebih hebat dari seri-seri sebelumnya. Ya, gameplay dari permainan ini sangat halus, termasuk juga visual, desain suara, dan lain-lain. Mengendarai mobil F1 dari seri ini akan memberikan kamu kepuasan dan pengalaman yang benar-benar nyata tentang bagaimana m engemudi sebuah mobil Formula One yang sesungguhnya. Suka Formula One? 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Required fields are marked * Comment Some HTML is OK Sign me up for the Money Morning newsletter Name * Email * Website + 2 = 6 It's nearly the midpoint of the year, so it's time to look at the, and what's scheduled on the IPO calendar for the rest of the year Let's get right to the winner and loser The best and worst IPOs of the year for share-price performance to date were Shake Shack Inc. (NYSE: ) and (: ). SHAK is the best-performing new stock of 2015 to date and has gained 66.9% since its Jan. Meanwhile, ETSY is the worst-performing IPO of the year, having fallen 46.7% in the two months it's been on the market. That's among a less impressive group of new stocks than we had last year. This year's so far has been lackluster compared to last year's record-breaking performance. There were 273 in 2014. Last year's was the most active since 406 companies went public in 2000 at the height of the dot-com bubble. It was also the second year in a row in which there was at least one IPO each week. But 2015 has been dramatically slower as companies remain wary of volatile currency markets and global interest rate movements. Now that we're nearly halfway through the year, here's a look at the best and worst IPOs of 2015, and what's ahead on the IPO calendar this year The Best and Worst IPOs of 2015: Q1 The first quarter of 2015 saw 34 IPOs raise $5.4 billion. According to Renaissance Capital, a manager of IPO-focused, that makes it the least active quarter by IPO count since Q1 2013. It was the smallest by funds raised since Q3 2011. The best and worst IPOs of Q1 2015 were Shake Shack Inc. (NYSE: ) and Zosano Pharma Corp. (Nasdaq: ), respectively. ZSAN stock is down 30.1% since hitting the market on Jan. Healthcare companies made up 47% of all IPOs in the first quarter, with 16 deals. That total was still lower than in any quarter last year. The decline wasn't limited to health care. It occurred across every sector, particularly energy and technology. The energy sector saw only two companies go public. There were only four in Q1 – down from 14 during the year-ago quarter. However, the lagging energy and tech sectors provided the two largest IPOs of the quarter. Company Columbia Pipeline Partners LP (NYSE: ) raised $1.1 billion in its February debut. Cloud analytics firm Inovalon Holdings Inc. (Nasdaq: ) raised $600 million and is up 11.9% from its IPO price. The number of profitable companies going public also fell significantly in Q1 Only 10 of the 37 companies that hit the market last quarter were profitable. That's a 43% decrease from the first quarter of 2013. (NYSE: ) was the fourth largest IPO of the first quarter despite not having turned a profit in its 18-year history. Companies holding IPOs have lower revenue growth too. 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However, because of strong incentives to cheat on collusive agreements, oligopoly firms often end up competing against each other. From Economics For Dummies, 3rd Edition. By Sean Masaki Flynn. People have to make choices because of scarcity, the fact that they don’t have enough resources to satisfy all their wants. Economics Basics Tutorial. Economics Basics: Introduction Economics may appear to be the study of complicated tables and charts, statistics and numbers. • Monopolistic competition: In monopolistic competition, an industry contains many competing firms, each of which has a similar but at least slightly different product. Restaurants, for example, all serve food but of different types and in different locations. Production costs are above what could be achieved if all the firms sold identical products, but consumers benefit from the variety. Finding Market Equilibrium Price and Quantity Buyers and sellers interact in markets. M arket equilibrium occurs when the desires of buyers and sellers align exactly so that neither group has reason to change its behavior. The market equilibrium price, p *, and equilibrium quantity, q *, are determined by where the demand curve of the buyers, D, crosses the supply curve of the sellers, S. At that price, the amount that the buyers demand equals the amount that the sellers offer. In the absence of externalities (costs or benefits that fall on persons not directly involved in an activity), the market equilibrium quantity, q *, is also the socially optimal output level. For each unit from 0 up to q *, the demand curve is above the supply curve, meaning that people are willing to pay more to buy those units than they cost to produce. There are gains from producing and then consuming those units. Identifying Market Failures Sometimes markets fail to generate the socially optimal output level of goods and services. Several prerequisites must be fulfilled before perfect competition can work properly and generate that output level. Causes of market failure include the following: • Externalities caused by incomplete or nonexistent property rights: Without full and complete property rights, markets are unable to take all the costs of production into account. • Asymmetric information: If a buyer or seller has private information that gives her an edge when negotiating a deal, the opposite party may be too suspicious for both parties to reach a mutually agreeable price. The market may collapse, with no trades being made. • Public goods: Private firms can’t make money producing certain goods or services because there’s no way to exclude nonpayers from receiving them. The government or philanthropists usually have to provide such goods or services. |
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